What is deep vein thrombosis?
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot in the deep veins that run through the muscles, most often in the legs. Part of the clot can break off and travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism), so suspected DVT needs prompt assessment.
Symptoms
Some people have no symptoms. Common signs are:
- Sudden swelling of the leg, usually on one side
- Pain or tenderness in the calf
- Redness and warmth of the skin
- A feeling of tightness in the leg
Causes and risk factors
- Long periods of immobility (bed rest, long journeys)
- Recent surgery or injury
- Pregnancy, the postpartum period and hormone use
- Cancer and some chronic diseases
- Inherited clotting disorders
- Previous DVT
How is it diagnosed?
Colour Doppler ultrasound is the main method; it shows the clot and the flow in the deep veins. Blood tests and further imaging are planned when needed.
Treatment approach
Treatment usually involves anticoagulant medication that stops the clot from growing; the duration depends on individual risk. Compression and early mobilisation may be advised. Interventional methods are considered in selected cases.
When to see a doctor
Seek medical care without delay for sudden pain, swelling and redness in the leg. Shortness of breath, chest pain or coughing up blood may mean the clot has reached the lungs; in that case call 112 (emergency services in Türkiye) immediately.
Related treatments
Frequently asked questions
Are DVT and varicose veins the same?
No. Varicose veins are widened superficial veins; DVT is a clot in the deep veins. A previous DVT can later lead to venous insufficiency.
What should I do on long journeys?
Walk at intervals, do leg exercises and drink enough fluids. People with risk factors should consult their doctor before travelling.
How long does treatment last?
The duration of anticoagulant treatment is decided by the doctor based on where the clot is and your risk factors.
