What is a haemangioma?
A haemangioma is a benign growth caused by an overgrowth of blood vessel cells. The most common type is infantile haemangioma, which usually grows in the first months and may then tend to shrink over the years.
Vascular malformations, which are present from birth and grow with the body, are a different group; telling them apart matters for the treatment plan.
Symptoms
- A red or bluish, raised or flat mark on the skin
- Growth or shrinkage over time
- Depending on location, pain, bleeding or limited function
Causes and risk factors
The cause is not fully known. Infantile haemangiomas are more common in girls and premature babies.
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis is made at the examination; colour Doppler ultrasound and, when needed, MRI are used to assess depth and vessel structure.
Treatment approach
Many haemangiomas can simply be monitored. When treatment is needed, medication, sclerotherapy, laser or surgery are considered with other specialties, depending on the type, size and location.
When to see a doctor
Growths that enlarge quickly, bleed, ulcerate or are located in sensitive areas such as around the eyes, nose or mouth should be assessed.
Related treatments
Frequently asked questions
Does a haemangioma go away on its own?
Some infantile haemangiomas shrink over time; the decision to monitor or treat depends on the growth’s features.
Is a haemangioma cancerous?
No, a haemangioma is benign; correct diagnosis and follow-up are still important.
Do adults get them too?
Yes; adults can also have different types of vascular growths that need assessment.
